Conditions · Wisdom teeth
Wisdom teeth
Problems, comfort, and your options for removal.
Wisdom teeth (the third molars) usually appear between 17 and 25. Many people have no trouble; others get problems because there isn’t enough room. Here is what can go wrong, how to ease it, and when removal is worth considering.
Problems wisdom teeth can cause
When there isn’t enough space, common issues include:
- Impaction — the tooth can’t fully come through, pressing on neighbouring teeth and causing pain.
- Infection — a partly-erupted tooth traps food and bacteria, leading to swelling, pain and bad breath.
- Crowding — pushing nearby teeth out of line.
- Cysts — impacted teeth can occasionally form cysts that damage bone and neighbouring teeth.
- Gum disease and decay — the area is hard to clean, so gum disease and decay are more likely.
Easing discomfort
- Over-the-counter pain relief such as ibuprofen can ease pain and swelling (follow the label).
- Warm salt-water rinses soothe inflamed gums and wash away food.
- A cold compress on the outside of the jaw can reduce swelling.
- Keep the area as clean as you can with careful brushing.
- Eat soft foods and chew on the other side while symptoms settle.
Removal — your options
If problems persist or worsen, removal may be needed. There are two routes:
General dental practice
Many dentists can remove wisdom teeth that are fully through or easy to reach, usually with local anaesthetic in the surgery, with straightforward recovery and aftercare advice.
Specialist oral surgery
For more complex cases — impacted teeth or deep roots — your dentist may refer you to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, who has the expertise and equipment (and options such as sedation for anxiety) to handle difficult extractions, with detailed aftercare.
Regular check-ups help monitor how your wisdom teeth are developing, so any problem is caught early.
Common questions
Wisdom teeth — your questions answered
When do wisdom teeth appear?
Usually between 17 and 25, though it varies.
What problems can they cause?
Impaction, infection, crowding, cysts, and a higher risk of gum disease and decay because the area is hard to clean.
How can I ease the discomfort?
Ibuprofen (per the label), warm salt-water rinses, a cold compress, careful cleaning, and soft foods while it settles.
Do wisdom teeth always need removing?
No — many cause no trouble. Removal is considered when problems persist or keep coming back.
Who removes them?
A general dentist for straightforward cases; an oral and maxillofacial surgeon for complex or impacted teeth.
Look after the whole mouth
Wisdom teeth are hard to clean — good habits protect them and their neighbours.